Textile industry manufacturing process

December 17, 2021
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According to Tadmor and Gogos, polymer processing are the "operations carried out on polymeric materials or systems to increase their utility." Therefore, polymer processing is done to increase the value of a polymer in order to obtain the desired shape, properties, and performansce for a polymer article. Weaving is the most basic process in which two different sets of yarns or are interlaced with each other to form a fabric or cloth. One of these sets is called warp which is the lengthwise yarn running from the back to the front of the loom. The other set of crosswise yarns are the filling which are called the weft or the woof. For a very long period of human history, man depended on natural elements to make fibers for clothing. These were natural fibers. However, with the technological advances many man made synthetic fibers were developed. Man-made fibers have two main categories: One that are made from natural products (cellulosic fibers) and the other that are synthesized from chemical compounds (noncellulosic polymer fibers). Spandex is a synthetic fiber that has an exceptional characteristic of elasticity due to which it is also known as elastane. It is lightweight, soft, strong and very stretchable. In fact, spandex fiber was developed as an alternative to rubber but has a better quality than it. For a very long period of the human history, children wore what can be called smaller versions of adult clothing with only a minor differences that can save the kids from any hazard like strings in place of any harmful closure. It was not before early 1800s that specific kids clothing started to be manufactured. Footwear can be defined as garments that are worn on the feet. There main purpose is protecting one's feet. Of late, footwear has become an important component of fashion accessories. Although, their basic purpose remains that of protection, adornment or defining style statement has become their additional and a significant function. For a good night's sleep, the basic necessity remains that of a good quality mattress.The pre historic man used to pile up leaves, straws, and animal skin to sleep on. These can be called the earliest mattresses. With time, the material that was used to make the mattresses, changed to horse hair, cotton fiber and rags. Textile is one of the earliest inventions of our civilization. As time passed by, fabrics got refined and many textile accessories too were invented for the comfort of using these fabrics in an effective way. As textile became a style and fashion statement from being a mere necessity, these simple accessories also got trendy. One of the good examples of such accessories is the commonly used fabric closure, the button. There are many products that use textile in a good measure. One of such textile products is the umbrella. An umbrella can be simply defined as a canopy for protection against rain, snow or sunlight. The term umbrella has been derived from the Latin word umbra which means "shade". Umbrellas are generally hand-held portable devices rendering fashion statement in some societies and used as an accessory in some other societies. Polyester fibers, the synthetic fibers, are long chain polymers derived from coal, air, water, and petroleum. They are formed through chemical reaction between an acid and alcohol. In this reaction, two or more molecules combine to make a large molecule whose structure repeats throughout its length. These molecules are very stable and strong. There are variations in the compositions and therefore in the properties of polyester fibers. The term "Denim" has originated from the city of Nimes in France where "serge de Nimes" was manufactured. Denim is made from a vat dye, the Indigo dye, which is applied to cotton fabric in loosely held form in layers. As far as manufacturing process of denim is concerned, it is similar to that of Grey fabric up to the process of weaving with the only difference that in case of Denim Fabric, it is dyed at the stage of sizing where as in case of Grey Fabric, the decision regarding dyeing stage depends upon the finished product.. Glass, with its glossy shine, attracts many. It has been put into many uses from being made into utensils, mirrors, windows, doors to furniture and artworks. Textile Industry too could not resist itself from the fatal attraction of glass. Although, hard and rigid by nature, glass can very well be made into fine, shiny and translucent fibers which more or less look and feel like silk fibers. These glass fibers are commonly known as fiberglass. Dyeing is the process of imparting colors to a textile material through a dye (colour). Dyes are obtained from flowers, nuts, berries and other forms of vegetables and plants as well as from animal and mineral sources. These are known as natural dyes.

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Source: www.teonline.com
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